Chinese nuclear power enterprises and equipment manufacturing enterprises have built the third-generation nuclear power technology "Hualong No. 1", "Guohe No. 1" and the world's first fourth-generation nuclear power high-temperature gas-cooled reactor based on the third-generation pressurized water reactor and fourth-generation high-temperature gas-cooled reactor technology. Nuclear power technology and equipment have entered the world's advanced ranks.
"Hualong No. 1" (HPR1000) is the third-generation million kilowatt-class pressurized water reactor nuclear power technology. It summarizes and inherits more than 30 years of China's nuclear power research, design, manufacturing, construction and operation experience, and draws on the experience of the Fukushima nuclear accident. Developed in accordance with the latest safety requirements, safety indicators and technical performance have reached the international third-generation nuclear power technology standards. "Hualong No. 1" adopts the advanced safety design concept combining "active and passive", comprehensively implements the design principle of defense in depth, and sets up perfect prevention and mitigation measures for serious safety accidents. "Single-stack arrangement" and "double-layer containment" are the main technical features, and it has a complete independent intellectual property rights system, which fully covers design, fuel, equipment, manufacturing, operation, maintenance and other links. In May 2015, the world's first reactor of the "Hualong No. 1" demonstration project, Fujian Fuqing Nuclear Power Unit 5, started construction; the other three units of the "Hualong No. 1" demonstration project - Fuqing Nuclear Power Unit 6 and Guangxi Fangchenggang Nuclear Power 3 Unit 4 and Unit 4 also started construction from 2015 to 2016. In January 2021, Fuqing Nuclear Power Unit 5 was put into commercial operation; in May, the first overseas reactor of "Hualong No. 1" - Pakistan Karachi Nuclear Power Unit 2 was put into commercial operation; in January 2022, Fuqing Nuclear Power Unit 6 was connected to the grid, It became the third "Hualong No. 1" grid-connected generator set in the world. All core equipment of the "Hualong No. 1" demonstration project is made in China, and the domestic production rate of equipment reaches over 88%. As a "national business card" for my country's nuclear power to go global, "Hualong No. 1" has become one of the most widely accepted third-generation nuclear power models in the nuclear power market.
In September 2020, China's third-generation nuclear power technology "Guohe No. 1" (CAP1400) with completely independent intellectual property rights completed the research and development. "Guohe No. 1" is a nuclear power enterprise implementing the third-generation nuclear power independent development strategy. On the basis of introducing, digesting and absorbing the third-generation nuclear power technology AP1000, relying on the "National Medium and Long-term Science and Technology Development Plan (2006-2020)" "Advanced Pressurized Water Reactor Nuclear Power Plant" major project, a large-scale advanced passive dynamic pressurized water reactor nuclear power model formed through re-innovation, with completely independent intellectual property rights. "Guohe No. 1" has high reliability. After an extreme event occurs, the core cooling system can use the driving forces such as gravity, compressed gas, natural circulation and convection to take away the residual heat of the core, prevent the core from melting, and achieve cooling. Under accident conditions 72 hours without human intervention and off-site support. "Guohe No. 1" has broken a number of technological monopolies. Key equipment such as main pump, blasting valve, pressure vessel, steam generator, reactor internals, control rod drive mechanism, large forgings, nuclear-grade welding consumables, 690U-shaped pipes, etc., All key materials have achieved independent design and localized manufacturing, and the overall localization rate of equipment has reached more than 90%. In March 2019, the "Guohe No. 1" demonstration project started construction in Rongcheng, Shandong Province. It is planned to build two 1.5 million kilowatt-class CAP1400 pressurized water reactor nuclear power units, which are the highest-power nuclear power units independently designed by my country.
At the end of 2021, the No. 1 reactor of the Shandong Shidaowan High-Temperature Gas-Cooled Reactor Nuclear Power Demonstration Project will be connected to the grid for power generation. This is the world's first 200,000-kilowatt modular pebble-bed high-temperature gas-cooled reactor nuclear power plant with the characteristics of the fourth-generation advanced nuclear energy system. The demonstration project was connected to the grid for power generation for the first time, marking the leap from "laboratory" to "engineering application" of high temperature gas-cooled reactors in China. The most prominent feature of the high temperature gas-cooled reactor is the "inherent safety", in the case of losing all cooling capacity, without any human and machine intervention, relying on the ability of the material itself, it can ensure that the reactor will not melt down, radioactive substances Not a lot of leaks. The demonstration project takes enterprises as the main body of innovation. On the basis of the 10 MW high-temperature gas-cooled experimental reactor built and operated by Tsinghua University, it relies on the "High-temperature Gas-cooled Reactor Nuclear Power Plant" in the "National Medium and Long-term Science and Technology Development Plan (2006-2020)". "Major special projects, taking the road of scientific and technological innovation combining production, education and research, relying on independent design, construction, commissioning and operation, a nuclear power plant with fourth-generation technology has been built. The demonstration project has overcome a number of key core technologies of "stuck neck", the equipment localization rate has reached 93.4%, and more than 2,200 sets of the world's first sets of equipment have been successfully developed: the world's largest and heaviest nuclear pressure vessel, the largest thin-walled metal reactor Components, the first main helium blower with electromagnetic bearing structure, the first helical once-through steam generator applied to the modular high-temperature gas-cooled reactor, the first fuel loading and unloading system applied to engineering practice, the first high-temperature gas-cooled reactor spherical fuel Component technology industrial production line. The project has initially established my country's independent innovation of the fourth-generation high-temperature gas-cooled reactor nuclear power standard system and intellectual property protection system, and has seized the world's "highland" in the fourth-generation nuclear power technology field.
